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Single Phase Uni-directional Power / Energy Metering IC with Instantaneous Pulse Output SA2002E
+ FEATURES + Functionally compatible with the SA9602E with reduced
external components
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+ + + + +
Total power consumption rating below 25mW Adaptable to different types of current sensors Operates over a wide temperature range Precision voltage reference on-chip Precision oscillator on-chip
+ + +
Uni-directional power and energy measurement Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters Protected against ESD
DESCRIPTION
The SAMES SA2002E is an enhancement of the SA9602E, as the circuit contains the oscillator on chip. The SAMES SA2002E single phase uni-directional power/energy metering integrated circuit generates a pulse rate output with a frequency proportional to the power consumption. The SA2002E performs a calculation for active power. The method of calculation takes the power factor into account. Energy consumption can be determined by the power measurement being integrated over time.
VDD VSS
This innovative universal single-phase power/energy metering integrated circuit is ideally suited for energy calculations in applications such as residential municipal metering and factory energy metering and control. The SA2002E integrated circuit is available in 8, 14 and 20 pin dual-in-line plastic (DIP) as well as 16 and 20 pin small outline (SOIC) package types.
IIP POWER IIN INTEGRATOR ANALOG SIGNAL PROCESSING VOLTAGE REF. IVP GND OSC TIMING TO FREQUENCY POWER
FOUT
DR-01586
VREF
Figure 1: Block diagram
SA2002E (REV. 5)
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SA2002E ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = 2.5V, VSS = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10C to +70C#, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Operating temp. Range Supply Voltage: Positive Supply Voltage: Negative Supply Current: Positive Supply Current: Negative Current Sensor Inputs (Diffferential) Input Current Range Voltage Sensor Input (Asymmetrical) Input Current Range
Pin FOUT Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage Pulse Rate FOUT
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Symbol TO VDD VSS IDD ISS
Min -25 2.25 -2.75
Typ
Max +85 2.75 -2.25
Unit C V V mA mA
Condition
3 3
5 5
III
-25
+25
A
Peak value
IIV VOL VOH fp
-25 VDD-1
+25
A V V Hz Hz Hz A V
Peak value
VSS+1 1360 5 0 1600 3000 50 55 1.3
Pin VREF Ref. Current Ref. Voltage
-IR VR
45 1.1
At rated input conditions Specified linearity Min and Max frequency With R = 24kW connected to VSS Reference to VSS
# Extended Operating Temperature Range available on request.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Parameter Supply Voltage Current on any pin Storage Temperature Operating Temperature Symbol VDD -VSS IPIN TSTG TO Min -0.3 -150 -40 -25 Max 6.0 +150 +125 +85 Unit V mA C C
*Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other condition above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability.
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SA2002E
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16 Pin 16 20 Pin 20
PIN DESCRIPTION
8 Pin 8 14 Pin 14 Designation GND Description Analog Ground. The voltage to this pin should be mid-way between VDD and VSS. Positive supply voltage. The voltage to this pin is typically +2.5V if a shunt resistor is used for current sensing or in the case of a current transformer a +5V supply can be applied. Negative supply voltage. The voltage to this pin is typically -2.5V if a shunt resistor is used for current sensing or in the case of a current transformer a 0V supply can be applied. Analog Input for Voltage. The current into the A/D converter should be set at 14ARMS at nominal mains voltage. The voltage sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. Inputs for current sensor. The shunt resistor voltage from each channel is converted to a current of 16ARMS at rated conditions. The current sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. This pin provides the connection for the reference current setting resistor. A 24kW resistor connected to VSS set the optimum operating condition. Pulse rate output. Refer to pulse output format for a description of the pulse rate. Leave pins unconnected.
4
5
5
8
VDD
6
10
12
14
VSS
7
13
15
19
IVP
1, 2
1, 2
1, 2
1, 2
IIN, IIP
3 5
3 8 4 6 7 9 11 12
3 6 4 7 8 9 10 11 13 14
3 12 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 13 15 16 17 18
VREF FOUT TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5 TP6 TP7 TP8 TP9 TP10 TP11 TP12
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SA2002E
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IIN IIP VREF IIN IIP VREF VDD 1 2 3 4
dr-01484
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
14 13 12 11 10 9 8
GND IVP TP6 TP5 VSS TP4 FOUT
8 7 6 5
GND IVP VSS FOUT
TP1 VDD TP2 TP3
dr-01485
Figure 2: Pin connections: Package: DIP-8
Figure 3: Pin connections: Package: DIP-14
IIN IIP IIN IIP VREF TP1 VDD FOUT TP2 TP3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
DR-01486
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11
GND IVP TP12 TP11 TP10 TP9 VSS TP8 FOUT TP7
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
GND IVP TP8 TP7 VSS TP6 TP5 TP4
VREF TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 VDD TP5 TP6
DR-01483
Figure 4: Pin connections: Package: SOIC-16
Figure 5: Pin connections: Package: DIP-20, SOIC-20
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number SA2002EPA SA2002EPA SA2002EPA SA2002ESA SA2002ESA Package DIP-8 DIP-14 DIP-20 SOIC-16 SOIC-20
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SA2002E FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The SA2002E is a CMOS mixed signal Analog/Digital integrated circuit, which performs power/energy calculations across a power range of 1000:1, to an overall accuracy of better than Class 1. The integrated circuit includes all the required functions for 1phase power and energy measurement such as two oversampling A/D converters for the voltage and current sense inputs, power calculation and energy integration. Internal offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation procedures. The SA2002E generates pulses, the frequency of which is proportional to the measured power consumption. One frequency output (FOUT) is available. The pulse rate follows the instantaneous power consumption measured.
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For the voltage sensor input, the mains voltage (230VAC) is divided down through a divider (R3, R4 and P1) to 14VRMS. The current into the A/D converter input is set at 14ARMS at nominal mains voltage, via resistor R5 (1MW). P1 may be varied for calibration purposes. In this configuration, with a mains voltage of 230V and a current of 80A, the output frequency measured on the FOUT pin is 1360Hz. In this case one pulse on FOUT correspond to an energy consumption of 18.4kW/1360Hz = 13.53Ws.
ANALOG INPUT CONFIGURATION
The input circuitry of the current and voltage sensor inputs is illustrated in figure 7. These inputs are protected against electrostatic discharge through clamping diodes. The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers AI and AV generate virtual shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications of the input currents are generated for the analog signal processing circuitry.
POWER CALCULATION
In the application circuit (figure 6), the voltage drop across the shunt will be between 0 and 16mVRMS (0 to 80A through a shunt resistor of 200W) The voltage is converted to a current of between 0 and 16uARMS, by means of resistors R1 and R2. The current sense inputs saturates at an input current of 25A peak.
V DD
IIP
VDD N Supply L GND VSS
CURRENT SENSOR INPUTS
VSS VDD
AI
IIN
VSS
RSH
R1 R2
U1 IIN IIP VDD
VDD
VDD
IVP
R3
R5 R4 GND
IVP GND
FOUT
Pulse output
VOLTA GE SENSOR INPUT
V SS
AV
N P1 L GND R6
VREF
VSS SA2002E
GND
DR-01584
VSS
DR-01148
Figure 6: Application circuit
Figure 7: Internal analog input configuration
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SA2002E
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) PROTECTION
The SA2002E integrated circuit's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD.
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OUTPUT SIGNAL
Pulse output (FOUT) The output on FOUT is a pulse density signal representing the instantaneous power/energy measurement as shown in figure 8. The minimum timing characteristics are shown in the figure 9. The output frequency may be calculated using the following formula: f = 11.16 x FOUT x ( II x I V ) / IR2 Where: FOUT = Typical rated output frequency (1360Hz) II = Input current on current sense input (16A at rated conditions) IV = Input current on voltage sense input (16A at rated conditions) IR = Reference current on VREF typically 50A An integrated anti-creep function does not allow output pulses on FOUT if no power is measured by the device.
POWER CONSUMPTION
The power consumption rating of the SA2002E integrated circuit is less than 25mW.
INPUT SIGNALS
VREF A bias resistor of 24kW set optimum bias conditions on chip. Calibration of the SA2002E should be done on the voltage input as described in Typical Applications. Current sense input (IIP and IIN) Figure 6 shows the typical connections for the current sensor input. The resistor R1 and R2 define the current level into the current sense inputs of the SA2002E. At maximum rated current the resistor values should be selected for input currents of 16ARMS. Values for resistors R1 and R2 can be calculated as follows: R1 = R2 = (IL /16A) x RSH/2 Where IL = Line current RSH = Shunt resistor or termination resistor if a CT is used as the current sensor. The value of RSH, if used as the CT's termination resistor, should be less than the DC resistance of the CT's secondary winding. The voltage drop across RSH should not be less than 16mVRMS at rated currents. Voltage Sense Input (IVP) The current into the A/D converter should be set at 14ARMS at nominal mains voltage. The voltage sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. Referring to figure 6 the typical connections for the voltage sense input is illustrated. Resistors R3, R4 and R5 set the current for the voltage sense input. The mains voltage is divided down to 14VRMS. The current into the A/D converter input is set at 14ARMS via resistor R5.
vMAINS
t
POWER VxI
t FOUT DR-01282 tP t
Figure 8: FOUT instantaneous pulse output
71s 71s min.
DR-01151
Figure 9: FOUT pulse width
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SA2002E TYPICAL APPLICATION
In figure 10, the components required for stand alone power metering application, is shown. The application uses a shunt resistor for the mains current sensing. The meter is designed for 220V/40A IMAX operation. The most important external components for the SA2002E integrated circuit are the current sense resistors, the voltage sense resistors as well as the bias setting resistor.
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VOLTAGE DIVIDER
The voltage divider is calculated for a voltage drop of 14V + 5%(14.7V). Equations for the voltage divider in figure 9 are: RA = R1 + R2 + R3 RB = R12 || (R11+P1) Combining the two equations gives: (RA + RB) / 220V = RB / 14.7V A 5k trimpot will be used in the voltage channel for meter calibration. The center position on the pot is used in the calculations. P1 = 2.5kW and values for resistors R11 = 22kW and R12 =1MW is chosen. Substituting the values will result in: RB = 23.91kW RA = RB x (230V/14.7V - 1) = 333kW so the resistor values of R1, R2 and R3 are chosen to be 110kW.
BIAS RESISTOR
R13 defines all on-chip and reference currents. With R13=24kW, optimum conditions are set. Device calibration is done on the voltage input of the device.
SHUNT RESISTOR
The voltage drop across the shunt resistor at rated current should be at least 20mV. A shunt resistor with a value of 625W is chosen. The voltage drop across the shunt resistor is 25mV at rated conditions (Imax). The power dissipation in the current sensor is: P=(40A) x 625W = 1W.
CURRENT SENSE RESISTORS
The resistors R6 and R7 define the current level into the current sense inputs of the device. The resistor values are selected for an input current of 16A on the current inputs of the SA2002E at rated conditions. According to equation described in the Current Sense inputs section: R6 = R7 = ( IL / 16A ) x RSH / 2 = 40A / 16A x 625W / 2 = 781.2W A resistor with value of 820W is chosen, the 5% deviation from the calculated value will be compensated for when calculating resistor values for the voltage path.
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SA2002E
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R8 R4 C5 D1 +2V5 + C3 D3 C2 + C4 D4 C1 P1 D2 R5 -2V5 R11 R1 R2 R3 R10 R6 1 IIN IIP VREF VDD SA2002E C6 IVP VSS FOUT GND 2 3 +2V5 4 R13 R7 8 7 6 5 U2 OE OC R12 U1
DR-01585
NEUTRAL
LIVE
Figure 10: Application circuit using a shunt resistor for current sensing.
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-2V5
NEUTRAL
LIVE
R9
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+2V5
SA2002E
Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 10
Symbol U1 D1 D2 D3 D4 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 P1 C1 C2 C3 C4
C5 C6 U2
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Description SA2002E Diode, Silicon, 1N4002 Diode, Silicon, 1N4002 Diode, Zener, 2.4V Diode, Zener, 2.4V Resistor, 110k, 1/4W, 1% metal Resistor, 110k, 1/4W, 1% metal Resistor, 110k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 820, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 820, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 47R, 2W, 5%, wire wound Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 5%, carbon Shunt resistor Resistor, 22k 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Trim pot, 5k, Multi turn Capacitor, 220nF Capacitor, 220nF Capacitor, 100uF, 16V, electrolytic Capacitor, 100uF, 16V, electrolytic Capacitor, 330nF, 250VAC Capacitor, 820nF 4N35, Opto Coupler Note 2 Detail DIP-8
Note 1 Note 1
Note 1: Resistor (R6 and R7) values are dependant on the selected shunt resistor (R14) value. Note 2: Capacitor C6 to be positioned as close as possible to supply pins.
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SA2002E PM9607AP
sames
DISCLAIMER:
The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification, even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer.
Any sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below: energy@sames.co.za
For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit our web site: http://www.sames.co.za. SOUTH AFRICAN MICRO-ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION OF LABAT TECHNOLOGIES (PTY) LTD Tel: (012) 333-6021 Tel: Int +27 12 333-6021 Fax: (012) 333-8071 Fax: Int +27 12 333-8071
P O BOX 15888 33 ELAND STREET LYNN EAST 0039 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
33 ELAND STREET KOEDOESPOORT INDUSTRIAL AREA PRETORIA REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
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